Ma`rifat Farhangi Ejtemaei

Since the adaptation of a country's population to climatic and geographical conditions, facilities, capacities, God-given and human resources, and the proper use of them, is the secret to any country's success in the path of development and progress, continuous study and monitoring of population with the aim of proper planning for the comprehensive development of country is an inevitable necessity. In today's world, one of the most important components of power is quantitative and qualitative population. Therefore, the study of demographic changes significantly contributes to the improvement of biosocial and human development in the geography of the population living in a country. Based on its factors or consequences, demographic changes in the country has some dimensions. One of the concerns is the severe decline in fertility and its negative consequences. This study seeks to analyze the consequences of reduced fertility and population in Iran based on an analytical and documentary approach. The findings of the study indicate that Iran faced many challenges after the implementation of population control and family planning program in the 1360s, massive propaganda campaign, the imposition of legal restrictions on having more than three children and the subsequent neglect of this policy.