An Inquiry into worldview and science
Article Type:
Research
Writers:
Ahmad Kalate Sadati / P.hd Student in Sociology Shiraz University
Abstract:
All domains of science in humanities are based on certain epistemology, ontology, and axiology, on which there are egregious differences between western philosophy and Islamic worldview. In western philosophy, epistemology is based on dualism and individualism which lead to secularism. The realm of science in western thought, through authenticating sensational realities (sensationalism), is based on principles which are constantly changing. This change reaches its climax in Kuhn’s “paradigm” and “Boer’s proposition of “refutability”. Unlike to sensationalism and realism in western thought, Islamic thought is based on theistic epistemology in which revealed meta-traditional sources and Allah’s precedent is authentic. In Islamic worldview, the findings of observation and contemplation of creatures and nature should be tested against high levels of Guarded Tablet and Allah’s precedent, and substantiated according to them. If Devine sources approve these findings, then religious science comes into existence, if not, the science is not religious. Regarding the views of thinkers, this paper tries to investigate aforementioned parameters and compare the features of science in western thought with science in Islamic worldview.
چکیده و کلیدواژه فارسی (Persian)
Title :جستاری در جهان‌بینی و علم
Abstract:
همة حوزه‌هاي علمي در علوم انساني، مبتني بر معرفت‌شناسي، هستي‌شناسي و ارزش‌شناسي مشخصي است كه در اين مباني بنيادي، تفاوت‌هاي جدّي ميان فلسفة غرب با جهان‌بيني اسلامي وجود دارد. معرفت‌شناسي در فلسفة غرب، مبتني بر دوگانه انگاري و فردمحوري است كه نتيجه اين دو خصيصه سكولاريسم است. با اصالت دادن به واقعيات حسي، ساحت علم در انديشه غرب بر ستون‌هايي بنا مي‌گردد كه همواره در حال تغيير است. اين تغيير در مفهوم «پارادايم» كوهن و گزارة «ابطال‌پذيري» پوپر به اوج خود مي‌رسد. بر خلاف اصالت واقعيت در انديشه غرب، انديشه اسلامي داراي معرفت‌شناسي توحيدي است كه اصالت با منابع فراروايي وحي و سنت‌الله است. در اين جهان‌بيني، يافته‌هاي حاصل از مشاهده و غور در كائنات و طبيعت، بايد با سطوح عالي لوح محفوظ و سنت‌الله در ميان گذاشته شوند و از آن اعتبار يابي كنند. اگر منابع الهي آن‌را تاييد كردند، علم ديني بوجود آمده است. در غير اين صورت، علم است، اما ديني نيست. اين مقاله تلاش دارد تا با نگاهي به آراي اندشمندان، مختصات فوق را بررسي كند. همچنين ويژگي‌هاي علم در انديشه غربي را با خصيصة علم در جهان‌بين اسلامي مقايسه كند.
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Iman, Mohammad Taghi, Kalate Sadati, Ahmad.(2025) An Inquiry into worldview and science. Ma`rifat-e Farhangi Ejtemai, 1(4), 7-30
Mohammad Taghi Iman; Ahmad Kalate Sadati."An Inquiry into worldview and science". Ma`rifat-e Farhangi Ejtemai, 1, 4, 2025, 7-30
Iman, M, Kalate Sadati, A.(2025) 'An Inquiry into worldview and science', Ma`rifat-e Farhangi Ejtemai, 1(4), pp. 7-30
