Ma`rifat Farhangi Ejtemaei

Social action is the primary subject matter of social science, and understanding the complex nature of contemporary society and actively engaging with it depends on its comprehension and analysis. One of the most significant issues concerning social action is explaining its logic—that is, providing a rational and acceptable explanation of the process and mechanism through which this phenomenon is formed and the involvement of various factors therein. This explanation aids in understanding the logic of the social world and its functioning at a time when Islamic society, in confronting the complex Western system, finds itself in a state of confusion regarding its own social action. Accordingly, the present study, employing an analytical-logical method, offers an explanation of the logic of social action based on the model of voluntary human action presented by Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, a sage and thinker who integrates reason and revelation. According to the research findings, social action, like voluntary action, comprises various levels— cognitive, dispositional, and conative—that occur in a sequential order and lead to the construction of the social world. On this basis, social action is formed on the foundation of a shared system of meaning; then, through the elaboration of that meaning and its exigencies in the social world—by shaping the preference system of social action, the system of socially constructed (i‘tibārī) realities, and the material and technological dimensions of social action—it is realized, ultimately yielding consequences at both the individual and social levels. Each of these levels can serve as a subject for theoretical studies and social policy interventions aimed at influencing the process of social action.