Ma`rifat Farhangi Ejtemaei

Social security systems in various countries are facing serious crises, raising important questions about their sustainability and necessity. The main questions are: How can a sustainable social security system be achieved, and are such provisions necessary? Where should its financial resources come from, and what should its scope and coverage be? These crises have created incentives for reforming these systems. Islam, as a comprehensive religion, offers a distinct model of welfare and social security that can serve as a suitable alternative to existing models. This research explains the Islamic model of social security by analyzing themes from the Qur'an and the narrations of the Infallibles (AS). Based on the findings, social security in Islam is considered a social right, the realization of which also achieves social justice. Islam emphasizes the social responsibility of individuals, including supporting the needy, altruism, and fraternity; furthermore, benevolence and charity (ihsan) are presented as core values. The financial resources for social security in Islam are diverse and comprehensive, are primarily voluntary in nature, and are not dependent on the state. The coverage of this system is also broader than conventional models and includes non-working individuals.